Spatial regression models over two-dimensional manifolds

We propose a regression model for data spatially distributed over general two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds. This is a generalized additive model with a roughness penalty term involving a differential operator computed over the non-planar domain. By virtue of a semiparametric framework, the model allows inclusion of space-varying covariate information. Estimation can be performed by conformally parameterizing the non-planar domain and then generalizing existing models for penalized spatial regression over planar domains. The conformal coordinates and the estimation problem are both computed with a finite element approach

Metodología para la detección de Agrobacterium vitis a partir de material vegetal de Vitis vinífera

En nuestro país no está desarrollada una técnica sensible y precisa que permita confirmar la presencia de la bacteria Agrobacterium vitis; por lo tanto es muy importante contar con herramientas analíticas que permitan identificar la bacteria en vides y/o suelos para controlar la diseminación y propagación de la misma, permitiendo así a las empresas, mejorar la competitividad de sus productos en el mercado y garantizar la seguridad y calidad de la materia prima principal de la industria vitivinícola. El objetivo de este estudio es poner a punto una metodología de detección de Agrobacterium vitis sensible y de bajo costo basada en la técnica de PCR (Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa). El desarrollo de esta metodología pretende ser una herramienta importante para la industria vitivinícola al permitir detectar la presencia o ausencia de la bacteria en programas de monitoreo, tomar decisiones a tiempo y así proteger la calidad y sanidad de las vides. En el presente trabajo se empleó la metodología propuesta por Eastwell y colaboradores en 1995. La misma consistió en el aislamiento de la bacteria en medio selectivo RS, en la extracción/purificación de ADN bacteriano, amplificación por PCR, separación del producto amplificado por electroforesis y revelado por tinción, pudiéndose observar que el 100% del material con sintomatología que se utilizó presentó desarrollo de colonias características de Agrobacterium vitis. Al hacer la amplificación de los ADN y posterior revelado se observó, en primera instancia, que la amplificación no fue óptima, pero cuando se realizaron las distintas adaptaciones de la técnica se vieron diferentes resultados encontrándose que podría tratarse de: A. vitis virulento, no virulento o A. tumefaciens. Para ello fue necesario adecuar la técnica y estudiar algunos aspectos tales como las temperaturas de incubación de los medios de cultivos, evaluación de la concentración de ADN para determinar si existía una concentración mínima del mismo para su posterior amplificación. También se trabajó con diferentes concentraciones del gel de agarosa y se modificaron los volúmenes de siembra y los tiempos de corrida del gel en la cuba de electroforesis. Fue posible adaptar la metodología para la identificación de cepas de Agrobacterium vitis. Los mejores resultados se evidenciaron trabajando con una temperatura de incubación de las colonias de 28 °C, con una concentración del gel de agarosa del 2 % tal como lo indicaba la técnica original, volúmenes de siembra de electroforesis de 10 μl de PCR producto y un tiempo de corrida del gel en la cuba de electroforesis de 70 min a 90 Voltios. Además observamos que concentraciones de ADN superiores a 49 ng/μl registraron bandas visibles siendo las de 116 ng/μl o superiores las concentraciones más adecuadas y optimas para la obtención de bandas bien definidas y nítidas.Fil: Bree, Laura Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias

Natural genetic variation for grapevine phenology as a tool for climate change adaptation

Grapevine phenology is being modified by climate change, particularly by the increase of temperatures that affect grape attributes for wine production. Besides the existing oenological and viticultural approaches, the thorough exploration of the current intra-cultivar genetic variability to select late-ripening genotypes emerges as an interesting alternative. In the present work, we have analyzed the natural genetic variation for phenology and agronomic traits among 21 'Malbec' clones and we demonstrated that fruiting cuttings are a useful tool for the analysis of such variation in 'Malbec'. Several clones could be distinguished by agronomic traits like berry number or cluster weight, and mainly by phenology characteristics like the length of the phase between flowering and veraison, which reached more than 16 days between early and late clones. These results support the approach of exploring grapevine clone collections in searching for genotypes with delayed phenology, and thus with the potential to maintain some expected quality characteristics under warm conditions.Fil: van Houten, Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Muñoz, Claudio Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bree, Laura. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Bergamín, Daniel. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Sola, Cristobal. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

Genomic variation and clone genotyping in Vitis vinifera L. Malbec

Somatic mutations are a major force introducing novel genetic variation; this role becomes enhanced in systems lacking of sexual reproduction. The later is the case of grapevines used in the wine industry. Even though clonal propagation is a normal practice in this industry, a remarkable phenotypic variation has been reported at the intra-cultivar level. However, less is known about the genetic variability among clones. Malbec is the main cultivar for the Argentinean viticulture, showing a notorious phenotypic variation on many traits of technological interest, for example the biochemical composition of berries. Therefore, it turns relevant to develop a formal protocol to discriminate among clones exhibiting different properties. Here we performed a genomic analysis in order to test if the genetic variability is in agreement with the phenotypic variability, and also to develop a genetic-based protocol for clones? discrimination. For this aim we obtained Illumina reads at a 35x depth for four different Malbec clones (MB53, MB59, Cot143 and Cot225). Bioinformatic tools were employed to align these reads to the Pinot noir reference genome (PN40024) and to perform variant calling analysis for single nucleotide variants (SNVs) discovery. Afterwards, strict quality and frequency filters were applied to obtain a set of reliable SNVs. We discovered 2 million of shared SNVs (i.e. all clones shared the same allele); these variants allow distinguishing Malbec from the reference genome. On the other hand, we identified 458 non-shared SNVs (i.e. at least one of the clones has the same allele than the reference); these were of particular interest to us because they allow for clone discrimination. From the latter set we picked 48 SNVs to validate them through Sanger sequencing. After validation these same 48 SNVs were employ to build a chip for the high throughput genotyping platform FLUIDIGM. We genotyped 221 plants, including clones of known origin as well as plants belonging to five different mass selections. We were able to classify all genotyped plants in 10 different haplo-groups; showing that with a small but informative number of SNVs it is possible to discriminate among clones of the same cultivar in an efficient manner.Fil: Calderón, Pablo Luciano Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mauri Panadero, Nuria. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino; EspañaFil: Muñoz, Claudio Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bree, Laura. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino; EspañaFil: Carbonell Bejerano, Pablo. No especifíca;Fil: Royo, Carolina. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino; EspañaFil: Sola, Cristobal. No especifíca;Fil: Martínez Zapater, José M.. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino; EspañaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina63rd Italian Society of Agricultural Genetics Annual CongressNapoliItaliaItalian Society of Agricultural Genetic

Differences on the transcriptomic profiles explain clonal phenotypic variation in Vitis vinifera L. 'Malbec'

Resumen del trabajo presentado en el XIII International Symposium on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics, celebrado en Landau in der Pfalz (Alemania), del 10 al 17 de julio de 2022Cultivated grapevines are clonally propagated, mainly to maintain phenotypic traits of productiveinterest; this practice turns particularly relevant in the wine industry to preserve the varietal typicity.Nonetheless, a wide clonal phenotypic diversity has been reported for several cultivars. Malbec isappreciated for producing high-quality red wines and recognized world-wide as the flag cultivar ofthe Argentine viticulture. Previous analyses demonstrated a notorious clonal phenotypic diversity forMalbec, in technologically relevant traits. On the other hand, clonal genetic diversity was shown tobe scarce, affecting mostly the intergenic regions. Aiming to dissect the molecular bases of thereported phenotypic diversity, we studied 27 clonal accessions grown under the same environmentaland cultural conditions at Vivero Mercier Argentina experimental vineyard. Phenotypic analyses wereperformed on berries at technological maturity (∼23º Brix), during two consecutive seasons (2017-2019). More precisely, we meassured: i) phenolic composition, ii) analytical profile and iii) skinweight. Afterwards, we chose the six accessions exhibiting extreme contrasting values for theevaluated features. Whole RNA extractions were performed from veraison berries (75% colored),from the six selected clones. Illumina stranded paired-end reads (150 bp in length) were obtained,totaling ∼122 Gb of transcriptomic data for 18 samples (6 clones x 3 biological replicates). In order toperform differential gene expression (DEG) and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses, theobtained transcriptomic data was aligned to a Malbec reference genome, assembled de novo in atruly-phased fashion and annotated by our group. After performing a discriminant analysis includingall RNA-seq data, clone Cot-595 exhibited a highly differentiated transcriptomic profile. Moreover,this clone showed the highest total polyphenols and anthocyanins concentration, while clones Mb-506 and Cot-596 showed the lowest concentrations. Therefore, we focused the fore coming DEG andGO analyses to pairwise comparisons among the three mentioned accessions. Consistently, Cot-595exhibited GO enrichment for genes involved in the anthocyanins biosynthesis pathways, while Mb-506 and Cot-596 showed enrichment for genes involved in metabolic pathways that regulatevegetative growth. These results suggest that phenotypic diversity observed among Malbec clones,might have solid ground on the described differences at the transcriptomic level

A completely-phased diploid genome assembly for ‘Malbec’ cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.)

Poster. Publicado en: BAG Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics, 32 (1 suppl), 2021Most grapevine cultivars originated from the outcrossing of two genetically diverse parents, and are clonally propagated to preserve phenotypes of productive interest. Hence, cultivars are first filial generations (F1) with highly heterozygous diploid genomes, that turn challenging to assemble. ‘Malbec’ is the main cultivar for the Argentine wine industry and it originated in France, from the outcrossing of ‘Magdeleine Noir des Charentes’ and ‘Prunelard’ cultivars. Based on that mother-father-offspring relationship, here we followed the algorithm implemented in the software CanuTrio to produce a phased assembly of ‘Malbec’ genome. For this aim, parental cultivars’ Illumina short-reads were used to sort ‘Malbec’ PacBio long-reads into its haploid complements, to be assembled separately. Postassembly, bioinformatic procedures were employed to reduce the number of duplicated regions and perform sequence error corrections (using ‘Malbec’ Illumina short-reads). We obtained two highly complete and contiguous haploid assemblies for ‘Malbec’, Haplotype-Prunelard (482.4 Mb size; contig N50=7.7 Mb) and Haplotype-Magdeleine (479.4 Mb size; contig N50=6.6 Mb), with 96.1 and 95.8% of BUSCO genes, respectively. We tested for the composition of both haplophases with the tool Merqury, and observed 15% of both assemblies affected by structural variations, along with 3.2 million SNPs and 0.6 million InDels. Our results indicate that this is a valid approach to assemble highly heterozygous and complex diploid genomes in a completely-phased way.EEA MendozaFil: Calderón, Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Carbonell-Bejerano, P. Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology; AlemaniaFil: Mauri, Nuria. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja). Finca La Grajera; ArgentinaFil: Muñoz, C. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Bree, Laura. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Sola, Cristóbal. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Bergamin, Daniel. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Talquenca, Gonzalo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Martínez Zapater, José Miguel. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja). Finca La Grajera; ArgentinaFil: Weigel, D. Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology; AlemaniaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

Whole genome resequencing and custom genotyping unveil clonal lineages in ‘Malbec’ grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.)

Grapevine cultivars are clonally propagated to preserve their varietal attributes. However, genetic variations accumulate due to the occurrence of somatic mutations. This process is anthropically influenced through plant transportation, clonal propagation and selection. Malbec is a cultivar that is well-appreciated for the elaboration of red wine. It originated in Southwestern France and was introduced in Argentina during the 1850s. In order to study the clonal genetic diversity of Malbec grapevines, we generated whole-genome resequencing data for four accessions with different clonal propagation records. A stringent variant calling procedure was established to identify reliable polymorphisms among the analyzed accessions. The latter procedure retrieved 941 single nucleotide variants (SNVs). A reduced set of the detected SNVs was corroborated through Sanger sequencing, and employed to custom-design a genotyping experiment. We successfully genotyped 214 Malbec accessions using 41 SNVs, and identified 14 genotypes that clustered in two genetically divergent clonal lineages. These lineages were associated with the time span of clonal propagation of the analyzed accessions in Argentina and Europe. Our results show the usefulness of this approach for the study of the scarce intra-cultivar genetic diversity in grapevines. We also provide evidence on how human actions might have driven the accumulation of different somatic mutations, ultimately shaping the Malbec genetic diversity pattern.EEA MendozaFil: Calderón, Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Calderón, Luciano. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mauri, Nuria. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja). Finca La Grajera; ArgentinaFil: Muñoz, Claudio. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Carbonell Bejerano, Pablo. Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology; AlemaniaFil: Bree, Laura. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Bergamin, Daniel. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Sola, Cristóbal. Vivero Mercier; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Talquenca, Gonzalo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Royo, Carolina. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja). Finca La Grajera; ArgentinaFil: Ibáñez, Javier. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja). Finca La Grajera; ArgentinaFil: Martínez Zapater, José Miguel. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja). Finca La Grajera; ArgentinaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

A completely phased diploid genome assembly for "Malbec" cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.)

Most grapevine cultivars originated from the outcrossing of two genetically diverse parents, and are clonally propagated to preserve phenotypes of productive interest. Hence, cultivars are first filial generations (F1) with highly heterozygous diploid genomes, that turn challenging to assemble. "Malbec" is the main cultivar for the Argentine wine industry and it originated in France, from the outcrossing of Magdeleine Noir des Charentes and Prunelard cultivars. Based on that mother-father-offspring relationship, here we followed the algorithm implemented in the software CanuTrio to produce a phased assembly of Malbec genome. For this aim, parental cultivars? Illumina short-reads were used to sort ?Malbec? PacBio long-reads into its haploid complements, to be assembled separately. Post- assembly, bioinformatic procedures were employed to reduce the number of duplicated regions and perform sequence error corrections (using Malbec Illumina short-reads). We obtained two highly complete and contiguous haploid assemblies for Malbec, Haplotype- Prunelard (482.4 Mb size; contig N50=7.7 Mb) and Haplotype-Magdeleine (479.4 Mb size; contig N50=6.6 Mb), with 96.1 and 95.8% of BUSCO genes, respectively. We tested for the composition of both haplophases with the tool Merqury, and observed 15% of both assemblies affected by structural variations, along with 3.2 million SNPs and 0.6 million InDels. Our results indicate that this is a valid approach to assemble highly heterozygous and complex diploid genomes in a completely-phased way.Fil: Calderón, Pablo Luciano Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Carbonell Bejerano, P.. Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology; AlemaniaFil: Mauri, N. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino; EspañaFil: Muñoz, Claudio Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bree, Laura. No especifíca;Fil: Sola, C. No especifíca;Fil: Bergamin, D. No especifíca;Fil: Gómez Talquenca, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Ibañez, J. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino; EspañaFil: Martinez-Zapater, JM. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino; EspañaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaXVIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Genética; LIV Reunión Anual de la Sociedad de Genética de Chile; XLIX Congreso Argentino de Genética; VIII Congreso de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Genética; I Congreso Paraguayo de Genética y V Congreso Latinoamericano de Genética HumanaChileSociedad Argentina de Genétic

Clonal propagation history shapes the intra-cultivar genetic diversity in Malbec grapevines

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars are clonally propagated to preserve their varietal 26 attributes. However, novel genetic variation still accumulates due to somatic mutations. Aiming 27 to study the potential impact of clonal propagation history on grapevines intra-cultivar genetic 28 diversity, we have focused on ‘Malbec’. This cultivar is appreciated for red wines elaboration, 29 it was originated in Southwestern France and introduced into Argentina during the 1850s. Here, 30 we generated whole-genome resequencing data for four ‘Malbec’ clones with different 31 historical backgrounds. A stringent variant calling procedure was established to identify reliable 32 clonal polymorphisms, additionally corroborated by Sanger sequencing. This analysis retrieved 33 941 single nucleotide variants (SNVs), occurring among the analyzed clones. Based on a set of 34 validated SNVs, a genotyping experiment was custom-designed to survey ‘Malbec’ genetic 35 diversity. We successfully genotyped 214 samples and identified 14 different clonal genotypes, 36 that clustered into two genetically divergent groups. Group-Ar was driven by clones with a long 37 history of clonal propagation in Argentina, while Group-Fr was driven by clones that have 38 longer remained in Europe. Findings show the ability of such approaches for clonal genotypes 39 identification in grapevines. In particular, we provide evidence on how human actions may have 40 shaped ‘Malbec’ extant genetic diversity pattern.Fil: Calderón, Pablo Luciano Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mauri, Nuria. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Muñoz, Claudio Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Carbonell Bejerano, Pablo. Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing; AlemaniaFil: Bree, Laura. No especifíca;Fil: Sola, Cristobal. No especifíca;Fil: Gómez Talquenca, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Royo, Carolina. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Ibañez, Javier. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Martinez-Zapater, José Miguel. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

Whole genome resequencing and custom genotyping unveil clonal lineages in ‘Malbec’ grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.)

Grapevine cultivars are clonally propagated to preserve their varietal attributes. However, genetic variations accumulate due to the occurrence of somatic mutations. This process is anthropically influenced through plant transportation, clonal propagation and selection. Malbec is a cultivar that is well-appreciated for the elaboration of red wine. It originated in Southwestern France and was introduced in Argentina during the 1850s. In order to study the clonal genetic diversity of Malbec grapevines, we generated whole-genome resequencing data for four accessions with different clonal propagation records. A stringent variant calling procedure was established to identify reliable polymorphisms among the analyzed accessions. The latter procedure retrieved 941 single nucleotide variants (SNVs). A reduced set of the detected SNVs was corroborated through Sanger sequencing, and employed to custom-design a genotyping experiment. We successfully genotyped 214 Malbec accessions using 41 SNVs, and identified 14 genotypes that clustered in two genetically divergent clonal lineages. These lineages were associated with the time span of clonal propagation of the analyzed accessions in Argentina and Europe. Our results show the usefulness of this approach for the study of the scarce intra-cultivar genetic diversity in grapevines. We also provide evidence on how human actions might have driven the accumulation of different somatic mutations, ultimately shaping the Malbec genetic diversity pattern.Fil: Calderón, Pablo Luciano Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mauri Panadero, Nuria. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Muñoz, Claudio Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Carbonell Bejerano, Pablo. Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology; AlemaniaFil: Bree, Laura. No especifíca;Fil: Bergamin, Daniel. No especifíca;Fil: Sola, Cristobal. No especifíca;Fil: Gómez Talquenca, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Royo, Carolina. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Ibáñez, Javier. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Martínez Zapater, José Miguel. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Lijavetzky, Diego Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin